A pilot study of lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX/SPD489) to facilitate smoking cessation in nicotine-dependent adults with ADHD

Abstract

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) as an adjunct to nicotine replacement therapy in adult smokers with ADHD who were undergoing a quit attempt.

Methods: Thirty-two regular adult smokers with ADHD were randomized to receive LDX (n = 17) or placebo (n = 15) in addition to nicotine patch concurrent with a quit attempt.

Results: There were no differences between smokers assigned to LDX versus placebo in any smoking outcomes. Participants treated with LDX demonstrated significant reductions in self-reported and clinician-rated ADHD symptoms. LDX was well tolerated in smokers attempting to quit.

Discussion: In general, LDX does not facilitate smoking cessation in adults with ADHD more than does placebo, though both groups significantly reduced smoking. LDX demonstrated efficacy for reducing ADHD symptoms in adult smokers engaging in a quit attempt.

Keywords: adult ADHD; lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate; smoking.

Figure 1. Study schematic

Note: EOS = End of study; NRT = nicotine replacement therapy; LDX = lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate.

Figure 2. Participant disposition throughout the study

Note: LDX = lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate; UDS = Urine drug screen.

Figure 3. Cigarettes per day as a function of study visit

Note: LDX = lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate; SEM = Standard Error of the Mean. Error bars indicate +1 SEM.

Figure 4. Clinician ratings for the DSM-IV Total subscale of the CAARS as a function of study visit

Note: LDX = lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.); CAARS = Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale. *Groups were significantly different at p < .05.