Alveolar and symphysis regions of patients with skeletal class II division 1 anomalies with different vertical growth patterns

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the alveolar and symphysis region properties in hyper-, hypo-, and normodivergent Class II division 1 anomalies.

Methods: Pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 111 young adult female patients with skeletal Class II division 1 anomalies were compared to those of 54 Class I normal subjects (control group). Class II cases were divided into hyperdivergent (n = 58), hypodivergent (n = 19), and normodivergent groups (n = 34). The heights and widths of the symphysis and alveolus and the depth of maxillary palate were measured on the lateral cephalograms.

Results: Mean symphysis width was wider in the hypodivergent Class II group than in the other groups, while mean symphysis height was similar among all groups. Maxillary palatal depth, upper incisor angle, upper and lower molar alveolar heights, and Id-Id' width were also similar among groups.

Conclusion: Symphysis width is the main factor in the differential diagnosis of Class II division 1 anomaly rather than symphysis height and hypodivergent Class II Division 1 anomaly is more suitable for mandibular incisors movements.

Keywords: Dentoalveolar structure; class II division 1 anomaly; symphysis region; vertical pattern.

Figure 1.

Dentoalveolar and Symphysis Parameters. 1: 1/PP, 2: 1/MP, 3:L1/AH, 4:L6/AH, 5:U1/AH, 6:U6/AH, 7:Id-Id' width, 8:B-B' width, 9: Symphysis height, 10: Symphysis width, 11: maxillary depth.