Anti-inflammatory activity of lactobacillus on carrageenan-induced paw edema in male wistar rats

Abstract

Introduction. Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus were used to assess the anti-inflammatory properties in carrageenan induced acute inflammatory model. Materials and Methods. Diclofenac sodium was used as standard drug at concentration of 150 mg/kg of body weight. Culture of Lactobacillus 2 × 10(7) CFU/ml was given orally. Edema was induced with 1% carrageenan to all the groups after one hour of the oral treatments. Paw thickness was checked at t = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 24 hours. Stair climbing score and motility score were assessed at t = 24 hours. Cytokines assay for IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α was performed on serum samples. Results. Lactobacillus showed a statistically significant decrease in paw thickness at P < 0.001. L. acidophilus and L. casei decreased by 32% and 28% in paw thickness. They both significantly increased the stair climbing and motility score. Lactobacillus treatment significantly downregulated IL-6 and TNF-α while upregulated IL-10 at P < 0.0001. Conclusion. L. casei and L. acidophilus significantly decreased the inflammatory reactions induced by carrageenan. This study has also proposed that Lactobacillus ameliorated the inflammatory reaction by downregulating the proinflammatory cytokines pathway.

Figure 1

Change in paw thickness (cm) at t = 0,1, 2,3, 4,5, and 24 hours. n = 5 (significant at P < 0.001). Edema was induced by injecting 0.1 mL of 1% solution of carrageenan into the sub plantar surface of right-hind paw. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of seven rats per group. Group A: carrageenan control; Group B: control; Group C: L. casei fed; Group D: L. acidophilus; Group E: positive control.

Figure 2

Effect of Lactobacillus on impairment in stair climbing activity score associated carrageenan-induced inflammation. Edema was induced by injecting 0.1 mL of 1% solution of carrageenan into subplantar surface of right-hind paw. The drugs were administered subcutaneously 30 minutes before injecting inflammagen. Stair climbing activity was observed at the time of peak inflammation (4 hours for carrageenan). Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of seven rats per group. Group A: carrageenan control; Group B: control; Group C: L. casei fed; Group D: L. acidophilus; Group E: positive control.

Figure 3

Effect of various drugs on impairment in motility associated with carrageenan-induced inflammation. Edema was induced by injecting 0.1 mL of 1% solution of carrageenan into subplantar surface of right-hind paw. The drugs were administered subcutaneously 30 minutes before injecting inflammagen. Motility score was observed at the time of peak inflammation (4 hours for carrageenan). Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of seven rats per group. Group A: carrageenan control; Group B: control; Group C: L. casei fed; Group D: L. acidophilus; Group E: positive control.