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Comparative Study
. 2012 Sep;41(5):684-9.
doi: 10.1093/ageing/afs051. Epub 2012 Apr 19.

The frailty index in Europeans: association with age and mortality

Roman Romero-Ortuno  1 , Rose Anne Kenny
Affiliations
Comparative Study

The frailty index in Europeans: association with age and mortality

Roman Romero-Ortuno et al. Age Ageing. 2012 Sep.

Abstract

Background: the frailty index (FI) is an approach to the operationalisation of frailty based on accumulation of deficits. It has been less studied in Europeans.

Objective: to construct sex-specific FIs from a large sample of Europeans and study their associations with age and mortality.

Design: longitudinal population-based survey.

Setting: the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE, http://share-dev.mpisoc.mpg.de/).

Subjects: a total of 16,217 females and 13,688 males aged ≥50 from wave 1 (2004-05). Mortality data were collected between 2005 and 2006 (mean follow-up: 2.4 years).

Methods: regression curve estimations between age and an FI constructed as per the standard procedure. Logistic regressions were used to assess the relative effects of age and the FI towards mortality.

Results: in both sexes, there was a significant non-linear association between age and the FI (females: quadratic R(2) = 0.20, P < 0.001; males: quadratic R(2) = 0.14, P < 0.001). Overall, the FI was a much stronger predictor of mortality than age, even after adjusting for the latter (females: age-adjusted OR 100.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 46.3-218.2, P < 0.001; males: age-adjusted OR 221.1, 95% CI: 106.7-458.4, P < 0.001).

Conclusion: the FI had the expected properties in this large sample of Europeans.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Distribution of the FI and correlation with age (by sex). Females: linear R2 = 0.187, P < 0.001; exponential R2 = 0.150, P < 0.001; quadratic R2 = 0.200, P < 0.001; cubic R2 = 0.200, P < 0.001. Males: linear R2 = 0.125, P < 0.001; exponential R2 = 0.113, P < 0.001; quadratic R2 = 0.136, P < 0.001; cubic R2 = 0.136, P < 0.001.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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