Incidence and management of zygomatic fractures at a level I trauma center

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate current treatment of zygomatic fractures presenting at a level I trauma center.

Methods: Radiology records over a 1-year period were retrospectively reviewed to determine all patients diagnosed with fractures through the zygoma. A total of 1049 computed tomography maxillofacial scans were reviewed which identified 243 patients with fractures through the zygoma. Of these, 200 patients were identified as clinically relevant zygomatic fractures defined as having 3 or more major buttress fractures.

Results: Among the 200 patients identified with zygomatic fractures, 132 patients were treated nonoperatively and 68 patients required operative management. In the operative group 31% were treated with a limited (one-buttress) approach.

Conclusions: Review of our management of zygomatic fractures at a level I trauma center found a high incidence of zygomatic fractures (66%) that can be managed nonoperatively without significant complications. There is a select group of zygomatic fractures that can be successfully managed by the experienced surgeon with a limited one-buttress approach.