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Review
. 2012 Apr;59(2):407-23.
doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2012.03.013. Epub 2012 Apr 6.

Pediatric vasculitis

Pamela F Weiss  1
Affiliations
Review

Pediatric vasculitis

Pamela F Weiss. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2012 Apr.

Abstract

Childhood vasculitis is a challenging and complex group of conditions that are multisystem in nature and often require integrated care from multiple subspecialties, including rheumatology, dermatology, cardiology, nephrology, neurology, and gastroenterology. Vasculitis is defined as the presence of inflammation in the blood vessel wall. The site of vessel involvement, size of the affected vessels, extent of vascular injury, and underlying pathology determine the disease phenotype and severity. This article explores the classification and general features of pediatric vasculitis, as well as the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and therapeutic options for the most common vasculitides.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Skin lesions of HSP
A) Classic lower extremity purpura, B) Necrotic lesions, C) Deep bruising. Courtesy of David D. Sherry, MD, Philadelphia, PA.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Hypersensitivity vasculitis
Hypersentivity vasculitis secondary to propylthiouracil exposure. Courtesy of David D. Sherry, MD, Philadelphia, PA.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Kawasaki disease
A) Subconjunctival hemorrhage; B) Unliateral cervical lymphadenopathy; c) Pedal edema. Courtesy of Jon M. Burnham, MD MSCE, Philadelphia, PA.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Polyarteritis nodosa
Digital necrosis of toes (A) and fingers (B) from PAN. Courtesy of David D. Sherry, MD, Philadelphia, PA.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Takayasu Arteritis
A) Contrast-enhanced MR angiography demonstrating narrowed right internal carotid and subclavian arteries; B) Thoracoabdominal CT angiography demonstrating thickening of the aortic wall.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
A) Contrast-enhanced CT of the chest demonstrating pulmonary nodules and infiltrates; B) Contrast-enhanced CT of head showing diffuse sinus disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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