Cough peak flow as a predictor of pulmonary morbidity in patients with dysphagia

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to ascertain whether an objective cough measure relates to the risk of pulmonary complications in dysphagic patients with persistent tracheobronchial aspiration.

Design: This is a retrospective observational study involving 55 dysphagic patients who underwent a modified barium swallow study and pulmonary function tests including cough peak flow measurement. The results were compared between subjects with and without pulmonary complications because of aspiration.

Results: The 18 patients (33%) with pulmonary complications had significantly lower mean cough peak flow values (202.2 ± 68.8 vs. 303.9 ± 80.7 liters/min; P < 0.001) than those without pulmonary complications. The finding of tracheobronchial coating in a modified barium swallow was not related to the occurrence of pulmonary morbidity. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that a CPF level lower than 242 liters/min predicted the development of pulmonary complications with a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 83%; the positive and negative predictive values were 65% and 90%, respectively.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that cough peak flow is a valuable predictor of respiratory prognosis in chronic aspiration. This finding suggests a new rehabilitation strategy aimed at improving cough flows for dysphagic patients.