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. 2012 May 11;10(1):6.
doi: 10.1186/1478-7547-10-6.

The indirect cost due to pulmonary Tuberculosis in patients receiving treatment in Bauchi State-Nigeria

Nisser Ali Umar  1 , Richard Fordham, Ibrahim Abubakar, Max Bachmann
Affiliations

The indirect cost due to pulmonary Tuberculosis in patients receiving treatment in Bauchi State-Nigeria

Nisser Ali Umar et al. Cost Eff Resour Alloc. .

Abstract

Objective: To determine the time spent and income lost by patients and their households for seeking tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in Bauchi State-Nigeria.

Method: A cross sectional study where 242 TB patients were sampled from 27 out of 67 facilities providing TB services in a north-eastern state of Nigeria. Sampling was stratified based on facility type, patients' HIV status and gender.

Results: The income lost among the hospitalized group was estimated at $156/patient and about $114 in the non-hospitalized patients group. Age, gender, facility of diagnosis, level of education and occupation were significant (p-values <0.05) associated with total (both patients and their households) income lost. However, AFB sputum-smear result and HIV status had no significant effects on the income lost. Hospitalised patients spent an average time of 924.98 hours for diagnosis and treatment whereas the non-hospitalised spent an average of 141.29 hours. The estimated US dollar valued of these hours was US517.98 and US$79.13 for hospitalised and non-hospitalised patient groups respectively. Hospitalisation and the facility of diagnosis were statistically significant (p-value <0.05) predictors of the time patients and household spent on TB.

Conclusion: Tuberculosis poses causes tremendous burden in terms of time and productivity lost to both patients and their households in Bauchi State Nigeria.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Histogram showing the differences in the average total income lost by patient gender grouped based on hospitalization history.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Histogram showing the differences in the average total income lost by patients’ HIV status grouped based on hospitalization history.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Histogram showing variations in the average total income lost and in the total time spent by patients’ occupation.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Histogram showing variations in the average total income lost and in the total time spent by patients’ educational attainment.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Histogram showing the differences in the average total time spent by facility of diagnosis grouped based on hospitalization history.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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