Highlights of thirty-year experience of CO2 laser use at the Florence (Italy) department of dermatology

Abstract

The CO(2) laser has been used extensively in dermatological surgery over the past 30 years and is now recognised as the gold standard for soft tissue vaporization. Considering that the continuous wave CO(2) laser delivery system and the newer "superpulsed" and scanned CO(2) systems have progressively changed our practice and patient satisfaction, a long range documentation can be useful. Our experience has demonstrated that the use of CO(2) laser involves a reduced healing time, an infrequent need for anaesthesia, reduced thermal damage, less bleeding, less inflammation, the possibility of intra-operative histologic and/or cytologic examination, and easy access to anatomically difficult areas. Immediate side effects have been pain, erythema, edema, typically see with older methods, using higher power. The percentage of after-treatment keloids and hypertrophic scars observed was very low (~1%) especially upon the usage of lower parameters. The recurrence of viral lesions (condylomas and warts) have been not more frequent than those due to other techniques. Tumor recurrence is minor compared with radiotherapy or surgery. This method is a valid alternative to surgery and/or diathermocoagulation for microsurgery of soft tissues. Our results are at times not consistent with those published in the literature, stressing the concept that multicentric studies that harmonization methodology and the patient selection are vital.

Figure 1

Acne scars at first (a) and after (b) only two treatments with fractional microablative CO₂ laser.

Figure 2

Rhinophyma at first (a) and after (b) five treatments with CO₂ laser.

Figure 3

N. E. V. I. L. at first (a) and after three (b) and six (c) treatments with CO₂ laser.

Figure 4

Dermatosis papulosa nigra at first (a) and after one (b) treatment with CO₂ laser.

Figure 5

Favre-Racouchot's disease at first (a) and after (b) one treatment with CO₂ laser.

Figure 6

Facial wrinkles at first (a) and after (b) three treatments with fractional microablative CO₂ laser.

Figure 7

Vulgar warts at first (a) and after one (b) treatment with CO₂ laser.

Figure 8

Xanthelasma at first (a) and after (b) one treatment with CO₂ laser.

Figure 9

Inverted follicular keratosis at first (a) and after (b) one treatment with CO₂ laser.

Figure 10

Water absorption coefficient in the infrared band.