Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2011 Jan;1(1):36-48.

Fuzzy logic controller for hemodialysis machine based on human body model

Vahid Reza Nafisi  1 , Manouchehr Eghbal, Mohammad Reza Jahed Motlagh, Fatemeh Yavari
Affiliations

Fuzzy logic controller for hemodialysis machine based on human body model

Vahid Reza Nafisi et al. J Med Signals Sens. 2011 Jan.

Abstract

Fuzzy controllers are being used in various control schemes. The aim of this study is to adjust the hemodialysis machine parameters by utilizing a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) so that patient's hemodynamic condition remains stable during hemodialysis treatment. For this purpose, a comprehensive mathematical model of the arterial pressure response during hemodialysis, including hemodynamic, osmotic, and regulatory phenomena has been used. The multi-input multi-output (MIMO) fuzzy logic controller receives three parameters from the model (heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and relative blood volume) as input. According to the changes in the controller input values and its rule base, the outputs change so that the patient's hemodynamic condition remains stable. The results of the simulations illustrate that applying the controller can improve the stability of a patient's hemodynamic condition during hemodialysis treatment and it also decreases the treatment time. Furthermore, by using fuzzy logic, there is no need to have prior knowledge about the system under control and the FLC is compatible with different patients.

Keywords: Biofeedback; fuzzy logic controller; hemodialysis control; human body model; simulation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A schematic description of the main physiological factors incorporated in the model and their relationships[11]
Figure 2
Figure 2
The model of cardiovascular system.[10]
Figure 3
Figure 3
Membership functions for input variables of fuzzy controller
Figure 4
Figure 4
Membership functions for output variables of fuzzy controller
Figure 5
Figure 5
Changes of output signals relative to the input parameter values. (RBV: Relative blood volume, BP: Blood pressure, HR: Heart rate, UFR: Ultrafiltration rate)
Figure 6
Figure 6
Simulation results for patients with impaired ANS (IANS) and with low plasma refilling rate (LPR) — removed fluid volume from body and extracellular urea (Left: Without controller, Right: With controller)
Figure 7
Figure 7
Simulation results for a patient with impaired ANS (IANS) and with low plasma refilling rate (LPR) — blood pressure (BP) and heart rate changes during treatment (Left: Without controller, Right: With controller)
Figure 8
Figure 8
Simulation results for a patient with impaired ANS (IANS) and with low plasma refilling rate (LPR) — changes in controller outputs with time. UFR: Ultrafiltration rate. (These parameters are adjusted to fixed values in a controller-less session)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Moissl U., Wabel P., Isermann R. Model-based control of hemodialysis. Proceedings of American Control Conference. 2001;5:3809–10.
    1. Ciandrini A., Cavalcanti S., Severi S., Garred L., Avanzolini G. Effects of dialysis technique on acute hypotension: A model-based study. Cardiovasc Eng: An Int J. 2004;4:163–71.
    1. Dasselaar J. J., Huisman R. M., de Jong P. E., Franssen C.F. Measurement of relative blood volume changes during haemodialysis: Merits and limitations. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20:2043–9. - PubMed
    1. Daugirdas J. T., Blake P. G., Ing T. S. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. Hanbook of dialysis.
    1. Basile C., Giordano R., Vernaglione L., Montanaro A., De Maio P., De Padova F., et al. Efficacy and safety of haemodialysis treatment with the Hemocontrol biofeedback system: A prospective medium-term study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16:328–34. - PubMed