Effects of purified Pasteurella multocida dermonecrotoxin on cartilage and bone of the nasal ventral conchae of the piglet

Abstract

The effect of intramuscular injection of purified dermonecrotoxin (DNT) from Pasteurella multocida type D on the nasal ventral conchae of piglets was studied. Severe atrophy of the conchae was observed 4, 6, and 10 days after injection (p.i.d). Lesions were observed in conchae cartilage and bone. Cartilage changes observed were the absence of chondrocyte maturation and hypertrophy, hyaline cartilage invasion by fibroblast-like and multinucleated cells, and endothelium damage with haemorrhages along the cartilage. Intramembranous bone was absent on p.i.d. 4, 6, and 10. Lamellar bone trabeculae were rarefied on p.i.d. 4 and almost absent on p.i.d. 10. Trabeculae were either normal or had the aspect of a dissolved bone matrix, leaving only irregularly oriented collagen fiber bundles. The number of osteoclasts was increased, especially the subperiosteal osteoclasts at the eccentric side of the scrolls. The osteoblasts appeared normal or their cytoplasm was dilated by vacuoles. It is concluded that the macroscopic conchae atrophy results from histological alterations and subsequent loss of both cartilage and bone. Further investigation is necessary to know whether the toxic effect of DNT on cells and matrix is direct or dependent of the vascular damage.