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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2012 Dec;20(12):2384-9.
doi: 10.1038/oby.2012.127. Epub 2012 May 7.

Effect of diet composition and weight loss on resting energy expenditure in the POUNDS LOST study

Lilian de Jonge  1 , George A Bray, Steven R Smith, Donna H Ryan, Russell J de Souza, Catherine M Loria, Catherine M Champagne, Donald A Williamson, Frank M Sacks
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of diet composition and weight loss on resting energy expenditure in the POUNDS LOST study

Lilian de Jonge et al. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012 Dec.

Abstract

Weight loss reduces energy expenditure, but it is unclear whether dietary macronutrient composition affects this reduction. We hypothesized that energy expenditure might be modulated by macronutrient composition of the diet. The Prevention of Obesity Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS) LOST study, a prospective, randomized controlled trial in 811 overweight/obese people who were randomized in a 2 × 2 design to diets containing 20en% or 40en% fat and 15en% or 25en% protein (diets with 65%, 55%, 45%, and 35% carbohydrate) provided the data to test this hypothesis. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured at baseline, 6, and 24 months using a ventilated hood. REE declined at 6 months by 99.5 ± 8.0 kcal/day in men and 55.2 ± 10.6 kcal/day in women during the first 6 months. This decline was related to the weight loss, and there was no difference between the diets. REE had returned to baseline by 24 months, but body weight was still 60% below baseline. Measured REE at 6 months was significantly lower than the predicted (-18.2 ± 6.7 kcal/day) and was the result of significant reductions from baseline in the low-fat diets (65% or 55% carbohydrate), but not in the high fat diet groups. By 24 months the difference had reversed with measured REE being slightly but significantly higher than predicted (21.8 ± 10.1 kcal/day). In conclusion, we found that REE fell significantly after weight loss but was not related to diet composition. Adaptive thermogenesis was evident at 6 months, but not at 24 months.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Change in resting energy expenditure (Top Panel) and body weight at 6 and 12 months in the POUNDS LOST Study. Data are expressed as mean±SE and includes all subjects who were measured at each time.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Relation of Change in Weight to Change in Resting Energy Expenditure
Figure 3
Figure 3
Relation of Diet to Observed minus Predicted Values for Resting Energy Expenditure.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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