Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2012 May 29:9:63.
doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-63.

Mid-way and post-intervention effects on potential determinants of physical activity and sedentary behavior, results of the HEIA study - a multi-component school-based randomized trial

Ingunn H Bergh  1 , Mona Bjelland, May Grydeland, Nanna Lien, Lene F Andersen, Knut-Inge Klepp, Sigmund A Anderssen, Yngvar Ommundsen
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Mid-way and post-intervention effects on potential determinants of physical activity and sedentary behavior, results of the HEIA study - a multi-component school-based randomized trial

Ingunn H Bergh et al. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. .

Abstract

Background: There is limited knowledge as to whether obesity prevention interventions are able to produce change in the determinants hypothesized to precede change in energy balance-related behaviors in young people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multi-component intervention on a wide range of theoretically informed determinants of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). Moderation effects of gender, weight status and parental education level and whether the perceived intervention dose received influenced the effects were also explored.

Methods: The HEIA study was a 20-month school-based, randomized controlled trial to promote healthy weight development. In total, 1418 11-year-olds participated at baseline and post-intervention assessment. Enjoyment, self-efficacy, perceived social support from parents, teachers and friends related to PA, perceived parental regulation of TV-viewing and computer/game-use and perceived social inclusion at schools were examined by covariance analyses to assess overall effects and moderation by gender, weight status and parental education, mid-way and post-intervention. Covariance analyses were also used to examine the role of intervention dose received on change in the determinants.

Results: At mid-way enjoyment (p = .03), perceived social support from teachers (p = .003) and self-efficacy (p = .05) were higher in the intervention group. Weight status moderated the effect on self-efficacy, with a positive effect observed among the normal weight only. At post-intervention results were sustained for social support from teachers (p = .001), while a negative effect was found for self-efficacy (p = .02). Weight status moderated the effect on enjoyment, with reduced enjoyment observed among the overweight. Moderation effects for parental education level were detected for perceived social support from parents and teachers. Finally, positive effects on several determinants were observed among those receiving a high as opposed to a low intervention dose.

Conclusion: The intervention affected both psychological and social-environmental determinants. Results indicate that social support from teachers might be a potential mediator of PA change, and that overweight adolescents might be in need of specially targeted interventions to avoid reducing their enjoyment of PA. Further studies should continue to assess how intervention effectiveness is influenced by the participants' self-reported dose of intervention received.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of recruitment, randomization, consent received and participation of adolescents in the HEIA study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Interaction effect of weight status on change in self-efficacy mid-way.(b) Interaction effect of weight status on change in enjoyment post-intervention. (c) Interaction effect of parental education level on change in social support from parents post-intervention. (d) Interaction effect of parental education level on change in social support from teachers post-intervention.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Flynn MA, McNeil DA, Maloff B, Mutasingwa D, Wu M, Ford C, Though SC. Reducing obesity and related chronic disease risk in children and youth: a synthesis of evidence with "best practice" recommendations. Obes Rev. 2006;7(Suppl 1):7–66. - PubMed
    1. Brown T, Summerbell C. Systematic review of school-based interventions that focus on changing dietary intake and physical activity levels to prevent childhood obesity: an update to the obesity guidance produced by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Obes Rev. 2009;10:110–141. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00515.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Baranowski T, Jago R. Understanding the mechanisms of change in children's physical activity programs. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2005;33:163–168. doi: 10.1097/00003677-200510000-00003. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bryan AD, Magnan RE, Nilsson R, Marcus BH, Tompkins SA, Hutchison KE. The big picture of individual differences in physical activity behavior change: A transdisciplinary approach. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2011;12:20–26. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.05.002. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Van Stralen MM, Yildirim M, te Velde SJ, Brug J, Van Mechelen W, Chinapaw MJ. What works in school-based energy balance behaviour interventions and what does not? A systematic review of mediating mechanisms. Int J Obes. 2011;35:10. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.68. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types