The effect of body mass index and weight change on epithelial ovarian cancer survival in younger women: a long-term follow-up study

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and epithelial ovarian cancer survival among young women.

Methods: We conducted a cohort analysis of 425 women aged 20-54 years with incident epithelial ovarian cancer enrolled during 1980-1982 in Cancer and Steroid Hormone (CASH), a population-based, case-control study. Participants' vital status was ascertained though linkage with the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between survival and usual adult BMI, BMI at age 18, and weight change from age 18 to adult.

Results: During a follow-up of up to 17 years, 215 women died. Compared to women with an adult BMI in the lowest quartile (<20.7), women in the second (20.8-22.5), third (22.6-24.9), and fourth (≥25.0) quartiles were not at increased risk for death (HR 1.2, 95% CI 0.8-1.8; HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.7-1.6; and HR 0.9, 95% CI 0.6-1.4, respectively) (p trend=0.6). Similarly, neither age 18 BMI nor weight change were associated with ovarian cancer survival.

Conclusions: Although elevated BMI is associated with increased ovarian cancer risk among young women, we found no evidence of its association with ovarian cancer survival in this population.