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. 2012 Sep;17(6):483-9.
doi: 10.3109/1354750X.2012.691553. Epub 2012 Jun 7.

Biomarkers intersect with the exposome

Stephen M Rappaport  1
Affiliations

Biomarkers intersect with the exposome

Stephen M Rappaport. Biomarkers. 2012 Sep.

Abstract

The exposome concept promotes use of omic tools for discovering biomarkers of exposure and biomarkers of disease in studies of diseased and healthy populations. A two-stage scheme is presented for profiling omic features in serum to discover molecular biomarkers and then for applying these biomarkers in follow-up studies. The initial component, referred to as an exposome-wide-association study (EWAS), employs metabolomics and proteomics to interrogate the serum exposome and, ultimately, to identify, validate and differentiate biomarkers of exposure and biomarkers of disease. Follow-up studies employ knowledge-driven designs to explore disease causality, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pathways showing influences of genetic (G) and environmental (E) factors on chronic diseases. A) Model of causal and reactive pathways due to effects of G and E on gene expression (R), as reported by Shadt et al. (Schadt et al. 2005). B) Model of causal and reactive pathways from (A) extended to include the proteome (P) and metabolome (M).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Scheme for conducting exposome-wide-association studies (EWAS) to discover serum biomarkers of exposure and disease and for applying biomarkers to investigate disease causality, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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