Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2012 Jun;2(6):a008870.
doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a008870.

Clinical approach to Parkinson's disease: features, diagnosis, and principles of management

João Massano  1 , Kailash P Bhatia
Affiliations

Clinical approach to Parkinson's disease: features, diagnosis, and principles of management

João Massano et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012 Jun.

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The condition causes a heavy burden both on those affected, as well as their families. Accurate diagnosis is critical and remains founded on clinical grounds as no specific diagnostic test is available so far. The clinical picture of PD is typical in many instances; however, features distinguishing it from other disorders should be thoroughly sought. Monogenic forms of PD also have some distinctive characteristics in many cases. This text is a roadmap to accurate diagnosis in PD, as it approaches clinical features, diagnostic methodology, and leading differential diagnoses. Therapeutic issues are also briefly discussed.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Abbas N, Lücking CB, Ricard S, Dürr A, Bonifati V, De Michele G, Bouley S, Vaughan JR, Gasser T, Marconi R, et al. 1999. A wide variety of mutations in the parkin gene are responsible for autosomal recessive parkinsonism in Europe. French Parkinson's Disease Genetics Study Group and the European Consortium on Genetic Susceptibility in Parkinson's Disease. Hum Mol Genet 8: 567–574 - PubMed
    1. Abou-Sleiman PM, Healy DG, Quinn N, Lees AJ, Wood NW 2003. The role of pathogenic DJ-1 mutations in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 54: 283–286 - PubMed
    1. Aharon-Peretz J, Rosenbaum H, Gershoni-Baruch R 2004. Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene and Parkinson's disease in Ashkenazi Jews. N Engl J Med 351: 1972–1977 - PubMed
    1. Alvarez MVG, Evidente VGH 2008. Understanding drug-induced parkinsonism: Separating pearls from oysters. Neurology 70: 32–34 - PubMed
    1. Alves G, Forsaa EB, Pedersen KF, Gjerstad MD, Larsen JP 2008. Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 255: S18–S32 - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances