Diffusion of Technology: Frequency of Use for Younger and Older Adults

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: When we think of technology-savvy consumers, older adults are typically not the first persons that come to mind. The common misconception is that older adults do not want to use or cannot use technology. But for an increasing number of older adults, this is not true (Pew Internet and American Life Project, 2003). Older adults do use technologies similar to their younger counterparts, but perhaps at different usage rates. Previous research has identified that there may be subgroups of older adults, "Silver Surfers", whose adoption patterns mimic younger adults (Pew Internet and American Life Project, 2003). Much of the previous research on age-related differences in technology usage has only investigated usage broadly -- from a "used" or "not used" standpoint. The present study investigated age-related differences in overall usage of technologies, as well as frequency of technology usage (i.e., never, occasional, or frequent). METHODS: The data were gathered through a questionnaire from younger adults (N=430) and older adults (N=251) in three geographically separate and ethnically diverse areas of the United States. RESULTS: We found that younger adults use a greater breadth of technologies than older adults. However, age-related differences in usage and the frequency of use depend on the technology domain. CONCLUSION: This paper presents technology usage and frequency data to highlight age-related differences and similarities. The results provide insights into older and younger adults' technology-use patterns, which in turn provide a basis for expectations about knowledge differences. Designers and trainers can benefit from understanding experience and knowledge differences.

Figure 1

Younger (N=420) and older (N=195) adults’ mean usage frequencies across 9 different input devices (listed in Table 1). Data are for participants in each age group who reported experience with computers in general.

Figure 2

Younger (N=420) and older (N=194) adults’ mean usage frequencies across 10 computer operations (listed in Table 2). Data are for participants in each age group who reported experience with computers in general.

Figure 3

Younger (N=419) and older (N=191) adults’ mean usage frequencies across 17 Windows operations (listed in Table 3). Data are for participants in each age group who reported experience with computers in general.

Figure 4

Younger (N=420) and older (N=193) adults’ mean usage frequencies across 17 systems and software (listed in Table 4). Data are for participants in each age group who reported experience with computers in general.

Figure 5

Younger (N=430) and older (N=251) adults’ mean in months and years of Internet usage. Data are for participants in each age group who reported experience with computers in general and who reported using the Internet.

Figure 6

Younger (N=430) and older (N=251) adults’ mean differences in hours per week of Internet use. Data are for participants in each age group who reported experience with computers in general and who reported using the Internet.

Figure 7

Younger (N=419) and older (N=169) adults’ usage frequencies for Internet usage in the past year across 11 categories (listed in Table 5). Data are for participants in each age group who reported experience with computers in general and who reported using the Internet.