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Clinical Trial
. 2012 Sep;101(9):929-34.
doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2012.02728.x. Epub 2012 Jun 12.

Antibiotic use in infants in the first year of life in five European countries

Jose Stam  1 , Margriet van Stuijvenberg, Christoph Grüber, Fabio Mosca, Sertac Arslanoglu, Gaetano Chirico, Christian P Braegger, Josef Riedler, Günther Boehm, Pieter J J Sauer; Multicenter Infection Prevention Study 1 (MIPS 1) Study Group
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Antibiotic use in infants in the first year of life in five European countries

Jose Stam et al. Acta Paediatr. 2012 Sep.

Abstract

Aim: To assess in infants the number of illness episodes treated with antibiotics and prescription rates in five European countries.

Methods: This study was embedded in a multicenter nutritional intervention study and was conducted in five European countries. Infants were followed until 1 year of age. Illness episodes and prescriptions of systemic antibiotics were recorded by the parents.

Results: Illness episodes were caused by upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in 55-64% and by otitis media (OM) in 2-6.8%. URTIs were statistically significant and more frequently treated with antibiotics in Italy (18.8%), and less frequently in Switzerland (1.4%). OM was statistically significant and less frequently treated with antibiotics in the Netherlands (55%) when compared to Italy (82%). The antibiotic prescription rate varied between countries, ranging from 0.2 to 1.3 prescriptions per infant per year.

Conclusions: As the frequency of illness episodes did not differ between countries, other factors, such as physician's attitude, parental pressure or other socio-economic determinants, most likely play a role in antibiotic prescribing habits in the first year of life.

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