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Meta-Analysis
. 2012 Jun 13:12:434.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-434.

Cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies between 1995 and 2010

Nazmus Saquib  1 , Juliann Saquib, Tahmeed Ahmed, Masuma Akter Khanam, Mark R Cullen
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies between 1995 and 2010

Nazmus Saquib et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Belief is that chronic disease prevalence is rising in Bangladesh since death from them has increased. We reviewed published cardiovascular (CVD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) studies between 1995 and 2010 and conducted a meta-analysis of disease prevalence.

Methods: A systematic search of CVD and T2DM studies yielded 29 eligible studies (outcome: CVD only = 12, T2DM only = 9, both = 8). Hypertension (HTN) was the primary outcome of CVD studies. HTN and T2DM were defined with objective measures and standard cut-off values. We assessed the study quality based on sampling frame, sample size, and disease evaluation. Random effects models calculated pooled disease prevalence (95% confidence interval) in studies with general population samples (n = 22).

Results: The pooled HTN and T2DM prevalence were 13.7% (12.1%-15.3%) and 6.7% (4.9%-8.6%), respectively. Both diseases exhibited a secular trend by 5-year intervals between 1995 and 2010 (HTN = 11.0%, 12.8%, 15.3%, T2DM = 3.8%, 5.3%, 9.0%). HTN was higher in females (M vs. F: 12.8% vs.16.1%) but T2DM was higher in males (M vs. F: 7.0% vs. 6.2%) (non-significant). Both HTN and T2DM were higher in urban areas (urban vs. rural: 22.2% vs. 14.3% and 10.2% vs. 5.1% respectively) (non-significant). HTN was higher among elderly and among working professionals. Both HTN and T2DM were higher in 'high- quality' studies.

Conclusions: There is evidence of a rising secular trend of HTN and T2DM prevalence in Bangladesh. Future research should focus on the evolving root causes, incidence, and prognosis of HTN and T2DM.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Consort diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Map of Bangladesh: Study locations.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest Plot of (A) Hypertension (HTN) [ [10]-[12],[14],[15],[18],[20],[23]-[26],[37],[38]] and (B) Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [ [10],[14],[16],[20],[22],[24],[25],[30-34][35]-[36]] studies published between 1995 and 2010. All studies (HTN = 13, T2DM = 14) selected samples from the general adult population. Pooled estimates (red) and 95% CI were calculated with random effect models.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Pooled estimates of Hypertension (HTN) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by (A) 5-year intervals: 1995–2000, 2001–2005, and 2006–2010 and (B) study quality: poor, moderate, and high. All studies (HTN = 13, T2DM = 14) selected samples from the general adult population. Estimates and 95% CI were calculated with random effect models.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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