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Editorial
. 2012 Aug;60(2):285-7.
doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.191304. Epub 2012 Jul 2.

Antioxidant 1 in hypertension: more than just a copper chaperone

Sean P Didion
Editorial

Antioxidant 1 in hypertension: more than just a copper chaperone

Sean P Didion. Hypertension. 2012 Aug.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Expression of the mammalian Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) isoforms and the importance of copper chaperones
Three distinct mammalian SODs are expressed in specific cellular compartments. CuZnSOD (SOD1) is expressed primarily in the cytoplasmic space; MnSOD (SOD2) is the predominant isoform in mitochondria; and EC-SOD (extracellular SOD; SOD3) is found exclusively in the extracellular space. All three isoforms catalyze the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide. Both SOD1 and SOD3 require copper as a key cofactor for catalytic activity. Copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS) is delivers of copper (Cu2+) specifically to SOD1, whereas antioxidant-1 (Atox1) delivers copper to the trans-golgi network as well as SOD3. The present study by Ozumi et al examined the role of Atox1 in limiting hypertension, increases in vascular superoxide, and endothelial dysfunction produced by angiotensin II. The mechanism by which Atox1 limits these effects appears to involve increases in Atox1 expression, Atox1-mediated SOD3 transcription, and efflux of copper and SOD3 through the copper exporter ATP7A.
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