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Meta-Analysis
. 2012 Jul 11;2012(7):CD007672.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007672.pub2.

Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow-up of patients with cancer

Michèle Aubin  1 , Anik Giguère, Mélanie Martin, René Verreault, Margaret I Fitch, Arminée Kazanjian, Pierre-Hugues Carmichael
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow-up of patients with cancer

Michèle Aubin et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: Care from the family physician is generally interrupted when patients with cancer come under the care of second-line and third-line healthcare professionals who may also manage the patient's comorbid conditions. This situation may lead to fragmented and uncoordinated care, and results in an increased likelihood of not receiving recommended preventive services or recommended care.

Objectives: To classify, describe and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aiming to improve continuity of cancer care on patient, healthcare provider and process outcomes.

Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care Group (EPOC) Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, using a strategy incorporating an EPOC Methodological filter. Reference lists of the included study reports and relevant reviews were also scanned, and ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar were used to identify relevant reports having cited the studies included in this review.

Selection criteria: Randomised controlled trials (including cluster trials), controlled clinical trials, controlled before and after studies and interrupted time series evaluating interventions to improve continuity of cancer care were considered for inclusion. We included studies that involved a majority (> 50%) of adults with cancer or healthcare providers of adults with cancer. Primary outcomes considered for inclusion were the processes of healthcare services, objectively measured healthcare professional, informal carer and patient outcomes, and self-reported measures performed with scales deemed valid and reliable. Healthcare professional satisfaction was included as a secondary outcome.

Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers described the interventions, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. The authors contacted several investigators to obtain missing information. Interventions were regrouped by type of continuity targeted, model of care or interventional strategy and were compared to usual care. Given the expected clinical and methodological diversity, median changes in outcomes (and bootstrap confidence intervals) among groups of studies that shared specific features of interest were chosen to analyse the effectiveness of included interventions.

Main results: Fifty-one studies were included. They used three different models, namely case management, shared care, and interdisciplinary teams. Six additional interventional strategies were used besides these models: (1) patient-held record, (2) telephone follow-up, (3) communication and case discussion between distant healthcare professionals, (4) change in medical record system, (5) care protocols, directives and guidelines, and (6) coordination of assessments and treatment.Based on the median effect size estimates, no significant difference in patient health-related outcomes was found between patients assigned to interventions and those assigned to usual care. A limited number of studies reported psychological health, satisfaction of providers, or process of care measures. However, they could not be regrouped to calculate median effect size estimates because of a high heterogeneity among studies.

Authors' conclusions: Results from this Cochrane review do not allow us to conclude on the effectiveness of included interventions to improve continuity of care on patient, healthcare provider or process of care outcomes. Future research should evaluate interventions that target an improvement in continuity as their primary objective and describe these interventions with the categories proposed in this review. Also of importance, continuity measures should be validated with persons with cancer who have been followed in various settings.

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Conflict of interest statement

None known

Figures

1
1
Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
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Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.
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Subgroup analysis of patients in palliative care ‐ Forest plot for the functional status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve any type of continuity versus usual care.
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Subgroup analysis of patients in palliative care ‐ Forest plot for the physical status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve any type of continuity versus usual care.
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Subgroup analysis of patients in palliative care ‐ Forest plot for the psychological status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve any type of continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the functional status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve any type of continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the physical status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve any type of continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the psychological status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve any type of continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the social status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve any type of continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the quality of life of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve any type of continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the physical status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve the three types of continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the psychological status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve the three types of continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the functional status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve informational continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the physical status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve informational continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the psychological status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve informational continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the social status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve informational continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the quality of life of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve informational continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the functional status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve relational continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the physical status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve relational continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the psychological status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve relational continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the functional status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve management continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the physical status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve management continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the psychological status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve management continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the social status of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve management continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the quality of life of patients assigned to interventions designed to improve management continuity versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the functional status of patients assigned to interventions using a case management model of care versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the physical status of patients assigned to interventions using a case management model of care versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the psychological status of patients assigned to interventions using a case management model of care versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the functional status of patients assigned to interventions using a shared care model versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the physical status of patients assigned to interventions using a shared care model versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the psychological status of patients assigned to interventions using a shared care model versus usual care.
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Forest plot for the quality of life of patients assigned to interventions using a shared care model versus usual care.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

  • doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007672

References

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References to ongoing studies

Abernethy 2006 {published data only}
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