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. 2013 Jan;58(1):236-43.
doi: 10.1007/s10620-012-2312-3. Epub 2012 Jul 15.

Racial disparities in gastrointestinal cancers-related mortality in the U.S. population

Raxitkumar Jinjuvadia  1 , Kartikkumar Jinjuvadia, Suthat Liangpunsakul
Affiliations

Racial disparities in gastrointestinal cancers-related mortality in the U.S. population

Raxitkumar Jinjuvadia et al. Dig Dis Sci. 2013 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Racial difference in cancer-related mortality has been described in epidemiological studies and evidence points towards higher mortalities in the minorities. To determine the magnitude of racial disparities and sex differences in GI cancer-related mortalities in the US population, we analyzed the data using the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and related mortality data files.

Methods: NHANES III and its related public linked mortality files were used for this study. Our study cohort included subjects who were ≥18 years and were part of the longitudinal mortality follow-up database. The overall GI cancers related mortality was calculated using combined mortality from malignant neoplasm of esophagus, stomach, colon, liver and pancreas. The evaluation of independent predictors of overall GI cancer-related mortality and of each individual GI cancer was carried out using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results: A total of 13,221 individuals were included in the analyses with the average person year follow-up of 13.9 years. During the follow-up period, 4,146 subjects died. Of these, 199 were from GI-related cancers. Non-Hispanic black (NHB) had significantly higher overall GI-cancer related mortality compared to non-Hispanic white (NHW, adjusted hazard ratio, aHR: 2.31, 95% CI 1.57-3.38, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses by sex demonstrated higher mortality from gastric, colorectal and primary liver cancer related mortality in NHB men compared to NHW men. Esophageal and pancreatic cancer mortalities were higher in NHB women compared to NHW women.

Conclusion: Overall GI cancer-related mortality is significantly higher among NHB compared to NHW in the U.S. population.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest None.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Kaplan-Meier curves comparing cumulative survival of non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white for overall GI cancers (a), esophageal cancer (b), gastric cancer (c), primary liver cancer (d), pancreatic cancer (e), and colorectal cancer (f) in the US population during the study period
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