Incidence of induced abortion by age and state, Mexico, 2009: new estimates using a modified methodology

Abstract

Context: Because abortion laws in Mexico, which are generally highly restrictive, are determined by individual states, state-level data are essential for policymakers to make informed decisions. In addition, age-specific abortion estimates are needed, given societal concern about young women's risk for unwanted pregnancy and abortion.

Methods: The Abortion Incidence Complications Method, an established approach designed to obtain national and broad regional estimates, was extended to produce for the first time estimates for age-groups and states. Data included government statistics on postabortion patients and health professionals' estimates concerning abortion complications. States were classified into six regions according to level of development.

Results: In 2009, the abortion rate in Mexico was 38 per 1,000 women aged 15-44. The rate was 54 per 1,000 in Region 1 (Mexico City), the most developed region; 35-41 per 1,000 in Regions 2, 3 and 4, which are moderately developed; and 26-27 in Regions 5 and 6, which are the least developed. States' rates of abortion incidence and treatment for induced abortion complications were generally consistent with development level, although exceptions emerged. Age-specific abortion rates peaked among women aged 20-24 and then steadily declined with age; this pattern was observed nationally, regionally and in most states.

Conclusion: Extension of the Abortion Incidence Complications Method to obtain state- and age-specific data is feasible. Unsafe abortion is common in all states of Mexico, especially among women aged 15-24, suggesting a need for improved family planning and postabortion services.