Five-year follow-up of participants in a randomised controlled trial showing benefits from exercise for breast cancer survivors during adjuvant treatment. Are there lasting effects?

Abstract

Purpose: In an earlier randomised controlled trial, we showed that early stage breast cancer patients who received a supervised exercise programme, with discussion of behaviour change techniques, had psychological and functional benefits 6 months after the intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine if benefits observed at 6 months persisted 18 and 60 months later.

Methods: Women who were in the original trial were contacted at 18 and 60 months after intervention. Original measures were repeated.

Results: Of the 148 women from the original study who agreed to be contacted again, 114 attended for follow-up at 18 months and 87 at 60 months. Women in the original intervention group reported more leisure time physical activity and more positive moods at 60 months than women in the original control group. Irrespective of original group allocation, women who were more active consistently reported lower levels of depression and increased quality of life compared to those who were less active.

Conclusions: We have shown that there are lasting benefits to an exercise intervention delivered during treatment to breast cancer survivors. Regular activity should be encouraged for women with early stage breast cancer as this can have lasting implications for physical and psychological functioning.

Fig. 1

Participant flow through follow-up study

Fig. 2

Exercise treatment effect estimates for all outcomes at 18 and 60 months, adjusted for original study site, therapy received at baseline and baseline age, with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) and corresponding p values at the right hand side

Fig. 3

Model-estimated mean 12-min walk distance, Beck depression inventory score, BMI and shoulder range of motion score over time for the more and less active groups, adjusted for original study site, therapy received at baseline and baseline age, with p values for tests of differences between the groups at each time point

Fig. 4

Model-estimated mean FACT-G, FACT-B subscale, PANAS positive and PANAS negative scores over time for the more and less active groups, adjusted for original study site, therapy received at baseline and baseline age, with p values for tests of differences between the groups at each time point

Fig. 5

Physical activity effect estimates for all outcomes at 18 and 60 months, adjusted for original study site, therapy received at baseline and baseline age, with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) and corresponding p values at the right hand side