Biodegradation study of microcrystalline chitosan and microcrystalline chitosan/β-TCP complex composites

Abstract

Bone repair or regeneration is a common and complicated clinical problem in orthopedic surgery. The importance of natural polymers, such as microcrystalline chitosan, and minerals such as HAp and β-TCP, has grown significantly over the last two decades due to their renewable and biodegradable source, increasing the knowledge and functionality of composites in technological and biomedical applications. This study compares the biodegradation process, bioactivity, structure, morphology, and mechanical properties of microcrystalline chitosan and microcrystalline chitosan/β-TCP complex; the latter according to the new method of preparation. The complex showed a homogeneous network structure with regular pores, good bioactivity, even after 60 days of conducting the hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation process, showing a bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity. The complex indicates that it could be used successfully as a base for implants and scaffolds production in orthopedic surgery.

Keywords: biodegradation; calcium phosphate; hard tissue regeneration; microcrystalline chitosan (MCCh).

Figure 1

SEM pictures of SMC before degradation process. (a) 200×; (b) 1000×; (c) digital picture.

Figure 2

SEM pictures of SMC-TCP complex before degradation process. (a) 200×; (b) 1000×; (c) digital picture.

Figure 3

SEM pictures of SMC after 60 days of hydrolytic degradation process. (a) 200×; (b)1000×; (c) digital picture.

Figure 4

SEM pictures of SMC-TCP complex after 60 days of hydrolytic degradation process. (a) 200×; (b) 1000×; (c) digital picture.

Figure 5

SEM pictures of the SMC after 60 days of enzymatic degradation process. (a) 200×; (b) 1000×; (c) digital picture.

Figure 6

SEM pictures of SMC-TCP complex after 60 days of enzymatic degradation process. (a) 200×; (b) 1000×; (c) digital picture.