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. 2011 Aug;5(4):297-304.
doi: 10.1007/s11832-011-0343-5. Epub 2011 Jun 2.

Elastic stable intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures in children

Jacques Griffet, Julien Leroux, Nouar Boudjouraf, Ahmad Abou-Daher, Toni El Hayek

Elastic stable intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures in children

Jacques Griffet et al. J Child Orthop. 2011 Aug.

Abstract

Purpose: Tibial fractures in the skeletally immature patient are usually treated without surgery. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) is commonly used for other diaphyseal fracture locations. Its advantages are minimally invasive surgery with a short hospitalisation duration, primary bone union and early weight bearing. The purpose of this study was to assess the use of ESIN in displaced tibial fractures in children over 6 years old and in cases of polytrauma.

Methods: This study was carried out over a 6-year period. The protocol consisted in ESIN of shaft tibial fractures in children over 6. Frontal and sagittal angulation, shortening and lengthening were measured on days 0, 2, 15, 30 and 45. At 6 months, 1 and 2 years, the femoro-tibial axis and eventual shortening or lengthening were assessed.

Results: The study involved 86 children (average age 11.8 years). As early as day 30, all patients had normal knee mobility and symmetrical foot progress angle. At 2-year follow-up, frontal angulation and leg length discrepancy had decreased and affected 2% of patients. Four patients (5%) suffered from superficial infections. There were no cases of osteomyelitis or refracture.

Conclusions: The fixation of paediatric diaphyseal tibial fractures with ESIN is a rapid, well-codified and effective method for treating long-bone closed fractures in children. Advantages over other fixation techniques include a lower infection rate, a lower refracture rate, ease of management, and an aesthetically pleasing scar.

Keywords: Child; Intramedullary nail; Tibial fracture.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
In cases of polytrauma, femur and tibia fracture were treated with intramedullar nails, independently of age: this child was 2 years old
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Progression of the number of patients with fracture displacement (varus, valgus, procurvatum and recurvatum angulation) between day 0 and 2 years
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Progression of the number of patients with leg length discrepancy (lengthening or shortening) between day 0 and 2 years
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Tibia fracture treated by ESIN, a displaced shaft fracture of fibula and tibia, b ESIN X-rays at day 0 (D0), c X-rays with union
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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