Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2012 Aug;8(8):1143-5.
doi: 10.4161/hv.21203. Epub 2012 Aug 1.

Inter-tumor heterogeneity

Affiliations
Review

Inter-tumor heterogeneity

Mike Cusnir et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2012 Aug.

Abstract

Advances in the molecular study of cancer have focused on biomarkers in the setting of tumor-driving mutations within the great heterogeneity of the tumor genomic landscape. It is clearly recognized now that even two tumors originating from the same organ even if histological they appear similar their behavior and response to therapy can be different. These findings have increased interest and research to find truly prognostic and predictive biomarkers to serve as tools in better assessing the natural course of disease and response to treatments in the hope of truly individualizing cancer therapy in the future.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Ichikawa W, Takahashi T, Suto K, Yamashita T, Nihei Z, Shirota Y, et al. . . Thymidylate synthase predictive power is overcome by irinotecan combination therapy with S-1 for gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:1245 - 50; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6602139; PMID: 15354215 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ribic CM, Sargent DJ, Moore MJ, Thibodeau SN, French AJ, Goldberg RM, et al. . . Tumor microsatellite-instability status as a predictor of benefit from fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:247 - 57; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa022289; PMID: 12867608 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hutchins G, Southward K, Handley K, Magill L, Beaumont C, Stahlschmidt J, et al. . . Value of mismatch repair, KRAS, and BRAF mutations in predicting recurrence and benefits from chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29:1261 - 70; http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.30.1366; PMID: 21383284 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Amado RG, Wolf M, Peeters M, Van Cutsem E, Siena S, Freeman DJ, et al. . . Wild-type KRAS is required for panitumumab efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26:1626 - 34; http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.14.7116; PMID: 18316791 - DOI - PubMed
    1. European consortium data. Lancet Oncol 2010; 11:753 - 62; PMID: 20619739 - PubMed

Substances

LinkOut - more resources