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. 2012 Aug 1;590(15):3403-6.
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.239376.

Making do with what we have: use your bootstraps

Guillaume Calmettes  1 , Gordon B Drummond, Sarah L Vowler
Affiliations

Making do with what we have: use your bootstraps

Guillaume Calmettes et al. J Physiol. .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The classic procedure for estimation of population parameters
The population characteristics are derived from the sample, on the basis of assumptions concerning the characteristics of the parent population.
Figure 2
Figure 2. The bootstrap process
A, the population distributions that are to be sampled. B, samples are obtained randomly from each population. C, from each sample, repeated pseudo-samples of same size as the original sample are drawn randomly, choosing from all the values. Each observation remains in the original sample after the value is noted, so that values in the original sample can be chosen more than once to make up the pseudo-sample. Thus each bootstrap sample will usually contain duplicate observations from the original sample. D, the mean of each pseudo-sample is calculated for the many repeats. E, the distribution of these mean values can provide a measure of the confidence limits of the mean of each original sample.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The distribution of the means derived from the repeated pseudo-samples
Figure 4
Figure 4. The distribution of the differences of the mean values obtained from pseudo-samples taken from each sample
The dashed lines indicate the central 95% of these values and the continuous line indicates zero difference.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Calmettes G. bootstrap-tools. 2012. http://bit.ly/KJ67RW accessed 26-5-2012.
    1. Cole SR. Simple bootstrap statistical inference using the SAS system. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 1999;60:79–82. - PubMed
    1. Curran-Everett D. Explorations in statistics: the bootstrap. Adv Physiol Educ. 2009;33:286–292. - PubMed
    1. Drummond GB, Vowler SL. Different tests for a difference: how do we do research? J Physiol. 2012;590:235–238. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Efron B, Tibshirani R. Statistical data analysis in the computer age. Science. 1991;253:390–395. - PubMed

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