A comparison of pregnant subgroups with positive 50-gram glucose challenge test results to those with negative results in terms of obstetric and perinatal outcomes

Abstract

Aim: To compare the pregnant subgroups with positive 50-gram glucose challenge test results to those with negative results in terms of obstetric and perinatal outcomes.

Methods: A total number of 977 pregnant women were included in the study. A glucose challenge test was performed for all pregnant women. Subsequently, 3 hours 100 gram oral glucose tolerance test was performed for the patients who had a positive test. According to 50-gram glucose challenge test 1st hour glucose values, the patients were categorized into 5 subgroups (less 140, 140-159, 160-179, 180-199 and ≥200). Also, the patients, whose 3 hours 100 gram oral glucose tolerance tests were positive, as well as those diagnosed with impaired glucose tolerance, were included in Group 5. All the groups were compared in terms of obstetric and perinatal outcomes.

Results: Cut-off scores of 50-gram glucose challenge test were found to be 153.5 mg/dl. It was observed that the glycemic values increased as the mean of delivery week decreased. The differences between all groups were found to be statistically significant with regard to macrosomia, large for gestational age, presentation anomalies, polyhydramnios, ablatio placentae, preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Increase in the rate ratio was observed for the glycemic values, they got higher. The results showed statistically significant differences between all groups in terms of neonatal hospitalizations after birth and observation rates.

Conclusion: The patients with a 50-gram glucose challenge test 1st hour glucose values of 180 mg/dl or higher are associated with poor perinatal and fetal outcomes.