Effect of timolol on refractive outcomes in eyes with myopic regression after laser in situ keratomileusis: a prospective randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the effects of timolol on refractive outcomes in eyes with myopic regression after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a control-matched group.

Design: Prospective, randomized, parallel-controlled, double-masked clinical trial. A computer-generated randomization list based on random block permutation (length 4 to 8) was used for treatment allocation.

Methods: setting: Basir Eye Center, Tehran, Iran.

Patient population: Of 124 eyes with myopic regression after LASIK using Technolas 217-Z, 45 eyes in each group were analyzed.

Intervention: Patients were randomly assigned into either Group 1, who received timolol 0.5% eye drops, or Group 2, who received artificial tears for 6 months.

Main outcome measure: Spherical equivalent (SE) at 6 months posttreatment.

Results: In Group 1, SE improved from -1.48 ± 0.99 diopter (D) before treatment to -0.88 ± 0.91 D and -0.86 ± 0.93 D 6 months after treatment and 6 months after timolol discontinuation, respectively (P < .001). In Group 2, it was -1.57 ± 0.67 D, -1.83 ± 0.76 D, and -1.91 ± 0.70 D, respectively (P < .001). SE was significantly better in Group 1 6 months after treatment and 6 months after discontinuation of treatment (P < .001 for both comparisons). There was a 0.26 D decrease in SE improvement every 4 months after the surgery in the Group 1 (P < .001).

Conclusions: Timolol application is effective for the treatment of myopic regression after LASIK compared with control group. Its effects last for at least 6 months after its discontinuation.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01506635.