Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2012;7(8):e43782.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043782. Epub 2012 Aug 24.

Multilocus sequence subtyping and genetic structure of Cryptosporidium muris and Cryptosporidium andersoni

Rongjun Wang  1 , Fuchun Jian, Longxian Zhang, Changshen Ning, Aiqin Liu, Jinfeng Zhao, Yaoyu Feng, Meng Qi, Helei Wang, Chaochao Lv, Guanghui Zhao, Lihua Xiao
Affiliations

Multilocus sequence subtyping and genetic structure of Cryptosporidium muris and Cryptosporidium andersoni

Rongjun Wang et al. PLoS One. 2012.

Abstract

In this study, nine C. muris and 43 C. andersoni isolates from various animals in China were subtyped by a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) tool. DNA sequence analyses showed the presence of 1-2 subtypes of C. muris and 2-6 subtypes of C. andersoni at each of the four loci (MS1, MS2, MS3, and MS16), nine of which represented new subtypes. Altogether, two C. muris and 10 C. andersoni MLST subtypes were detected. Linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated although the overall population structure of the two parasites was clonal, the Chinese C. andersoni in cattle has an epidemic structure. Three and two clusters were produced in the C. muris and C. andersoni populations by Structure 2.3.3 analysis, with Chinese C. muris and C. andersoni substructures differing from other countries. Thus, this study suggested the prevalence of C. andersoni in China is not attributed to the introduction of dairy cattle. More studies involving more genetic loci and systematic sampling are needed to better elucidate the population genetic structure of C. muris and C. andersoni in the world and the genetic basis for the difference in host specificity among the two most common gastric parasites.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationship among subtypes of C. muris and C. andersoni at four microsatellite and minisatellite loci (MS1, MS2, MS3, and MS16) as assessed by a neighbor-joining analysis of the nucleotide sequences, using distance calculated by the Kimura 2-parameter model.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Population structure inferred by Bayesian clustering using multilocus subtype information.
A, Cryptosporidium muris; B, Cryptosporidium andersoni. Each individual is shown as a thin vertical line, which is partitioned into K colored components representing estimated membership fractions in K genetic clusters, and the geographic locations are at the bottom. The pie charts show the distribution of genetic clusters in different countries and various animals. JP = Japan; PE = Peru; Ken = Kenya; EG = Egypt; CS = Czech Republic; CN = China; B = beef cattle; C = bactrian camel; D = dairy cattle; H = hamster; S = sheep.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Dubey JP, Markovits JE, Killary KA (2002) Cryptosporidium muris-like infection in stomach of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Vet Pathol 39: 363–371. - PubMed
    1. Hikosaka K, Nakai Y (2005) A novel genotype of Cryptosporidium muris from large Japanese field mice, Apodemus speciosus . Parasitol Res 97: 373–379. - PubMed
    1. Hurkova L, Hajdusek O, Modry D (2003) Natural infection of Cryptosporidium muris (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporiidae) in Siberian chipmunks. J Wildl Dis 39: 441–444. - PubMed
    1. Kodadkova A, Kvac M, Ditrich O, Sak B, Xiao L (2010) Cryptosporidium muris in a reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata). J Parasitol 96: 211–212. - PubMed
    1. Kvac M, Hanzlikova D, Sak B, Kvetonova D (2009) Prevalence and age-related infection of Cryptosporidium suis, C. muris and Cryptosporidium pig genotype II in pigs on a farm complex in the Czech Republic. Vet Parasitol 160: 319–322. - PubMed

Publication types

Associated data