Sensitive troponin assay predicts outcome in syncope

Abstract

Aims: To assess whether plasma troponin concentration measured by a sensitive assay can predict 1-month and 1-year serious outcome, or all-cause death in patients presenting with syncope to the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Prospective cohort study of admitted adult patients presenting to the ED after an episode of syncope who had plasma troponin measured 12 h after syncope using the ARCHITECT STAT sensitive troponin I assay (Abbott Diagnostics). Primary endpoints were the composite endpoint of serious outcome or all-cause death at 1 month and 1 year.

Results: Between 1 March 2007 and 22 July 2008, 338 of 528 patients admitted from the ED with syncope had plasma troponin concentrations determined. Troponin concentrations were above the limit of detection in 261 (77%) patients. Patients numbering 120 (36%) had a troponin concentration ≥0.03 ng/ml (99th percentile of normal reference population), and 66 (20%) had concentrations ≥0.05 ng/ml (local diagnostic threshold for myocardial infarction). The proportion of patients with a composite serious outcome increased across patients stratified into quintiles based on peak troponin concentration at 1 month (0%, 9%, 13%, 26%, 70%) and at 1 year (10%, 22%, 26%, 52%, 85%).

Conclusions: The majority of patients admitted from the ED with syncope have detectable plasma troponin concentrations. Peak troponin concentration was associated with increasing risk of serious outcome and death, and this risk increases with higher troponin concentrations. Troponin may have a future role in the risk stratification of patients with syncope.