Discrete atherosclerotic coronary artery aneurysms: a study of 20 patients

Abstract

The incidence, angiographic features and natural history of discrete atherosclerotic coronary aneurysms were evaluated in 20 patients with 22 aneurysms (0.2% of 8,422 patients referred for coronary angiography). Fifteen aneurysms (68%) were in the left anterior descending, four (18%) in the circumflex, two (9%) in the right and one (5%) in the left main coronary artery. Aneurysm diameter ranged from 4 to 35 mm (mean 8); 95% of aneurysms were adjacent to a severe obstruction. Seventy-five percent of patients had severe triple vessel disease that included severe left main disease in 15%. Total obstruction of one or two arteries was present in 75%. In patients with wall motion abnormalities, 78% of the abnormalities were in the distribution of the aneurysm. Follow-up (range 1 to 90 months [mean 30]) was obtained in all 20 patients. There were two cardiac and two noncardiac deaths; 12 patients had coronary bypass surgery and of 16 survivors, 13 were angina-free. In conclusion, discrete coronary aneurysms are much less common than diffuse ectasia. Unlike ectasia, they are never found in arteries without severe stenosis, and are most common in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Associated coronary artery disease is more severe in patients with discrete aneurysms than in those with diffuse ectasia. Discrete coronary aneurysms do not appear to rupture, and their resection is not warranted.