Incidence and management of late postsurgical seizures in clinical practice

Abstract

Aim: Seizures are a frequent complication in patients who undergo neurosurgery, and can complicate the post-operative course and deteriorate patients' quality of life. Evidence on the prophylactic anticonvulsant therapy after craniotomy is still lacking.

Material and methods: We undertook an observational longitudinal study following neurosurgical supratentorial interventions, to evaluate seizures onset or persistence, and differences in effectiveness between conventional and newer AEDs.

Results: A total of 100 consecutive subjects were enrolled. Each patient underwent a neurosurgical treatment by craniotomy. Pre-operative seizures occurred in 33% patients, early seizures in 13%. Late seizures occurred in 46 patients. At baseline (1 month after surgery) and during follow up the main therapeutic regimen was monotherapy. At last follow up adjustment of antiepileptic regimen or AED dosage had rendered 27 subjects seizure free. People taking newer AEDs at baseline maintain the same antiepileptic regimen more often than patients taking conventional AEDs; late seizures tended to have a higher incidence in the latter group. Adverse events from baseline AEDs were reported by 17% of patients.

Conclusion: In this study population late postsurgical seizures had a remarkable occurrence. Newer AEDs were continued more often than conventional AEDs, with a better tolerability but no significant differences in late seizures incidence.