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Review
. 2012 Oct;30(5):443-52.
doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1324729. Epub 2012 Oct 8.

Psychological aspects of the treatment of patients with disorders of sex development

David E Sandberg  1 , Melissa Gardner, Peggy T Cohen-Kettenis
Affiliations
Review

Psychological aspects of the treatment of patients with disorders of sex development

David E Sandberg et al. Semin Reprod Med. 2012 Oct.

Abstract

Research on the psychological development of persons with Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) has focused on understanding the influence of atypical sex hormone exposure during steroid-sensitive periods of prenatal brain development on the process of psychosexual differentiation (i.e., gender identity, gender role, and sexual orientation). In contrast, analysis of clinical management strategies has focused on gender assignment and the desirability and timing of genital surgery. This review focuses on the psychological issues that confront clinicians managing the care of persons born with DSD and their families. Particular attention is paid to processes and factors that potentially mediate or moderate psychosocial and psychosexual outcomes within and across developmental stages.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Conceptual models for direct, mediated and moderated developmental effects. I. Simple or direct effect model: single predictor (A) directly related to a single outcome (C) II. When the relationship between predictor (A) and outcome (C) is thought to be either buffered or intensified by another factor (C), then a suitable model is one that tests for moderation. III. A mediation model posits that the predictor (A) influences another variable (B) which, in turn, is more directly responsible for the outcome (C).
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