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Review
. 2013 Feb;69 Suppl 1(0 1):41-4.
doi: 10.1111/aji.12026. Epub 2012 Oct 16.

Forced sex and HIV risk in violent relationships

Jacquelyn C Campbell  1 , Marguerite B Lucea, Jamila K Stockman, Jessica E Draughon
Affiliations
Review

Forced sex and HIV risk in violent relationships

Jacquelyn C Campbell et al. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2013 Feb.

Abstract

Problem: The intersecting epidemics of gender-based violence, specifically forced sex, and HIV continue to affect women worldwide. Both in the United States and worldwide, women of African descent are disproportionately affected.

Method of study: The current literature was reviewed for inclusion based on its relevance to the intersection of forced sex and HIV risk behaviors.

Results: This brief review synthesizes research on the linkages between forced sex and behavioral risk factors for HIV infection. We explore forced sex from the perspective of the perpetrator being a current or former intimate partner, as well as the first sexual intercourse experience occurring through the use of physical force (i.e., forced sexual initiation). The review also emphasizes the importance of expanding current research to understand the physiological mechanisms linking forced sex to HIV risk.

Conclusion: The factors linking intimate partner forced sex and forced sexual initiation with HIV/AIDS are varied and complex. The review concludes with recommendations for future research in this area and implications this research could have on preventing violence and mitigating the health consequences.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Repetitive experiences of intimate partner physically forced sex in a multi-site study (n=56)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Behavioral and Physiological Pathways Linking Forced Sex to HIV Risk *Inclusive of forced Dashed lines and shaded circles indicate relationships and variables not presented and discussed in this brief review
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Campbell JC, Baty ML, Ghandour RM, Stockman JK, Francisco L, Wagman J. The intersection of intimate partner violence against women and HIV/AIDS: a review. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion. 2008;15(4):221–31. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Jewkes R. Gender Inequities Must Be Addressed in HIV Prevention. Science. 2010;329(5988):145–7. - PubMed
    1. UNAIDS World AIDS Day Report 2011. 2011
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Diagnoses of HIV Infection and AIDS in the United States and Dependent Areas, 2010. 2011;22(07/12)
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention HIV among African Americans. 2012. 2012 Mar 20;

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