Effect of different root canal irrigants on the sealing ability of two all-in-one self-etch adhesives: An in vitro study

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the effect of different root canal irrigants on the sealing ability of two self-etch adhesives, using dye penetration method, within the pulp chamber.

Materials and methods: 72 extracted human molars were divided into six groups, according to the irrigant and self-etch adhesives used. After de-roofing the pulp chamber with a carborundum disc, the pulp was extirpated using excavator and broaches. In 36 samples, pulp chambers were bonded with Xeno V after irrigation with either 2% CHX (Group1: Xe-CHX) ; 17% EDTA + 5.25% NaOCl (Group2: Xe- EDTA + NaOCl) or normal saline (Group3: Xe-NS) and in other half samples, pulp chambers were bonded with Adper Easy One after irrigation with either 2% CHX (Group 4: Ad-CHX); 17%EDTA + 5.25% NaOCl (Group5: Ad-EDTA+NaOCl) or normal saline (Group 6: Ad-NS). All the samples were restored with Filtek Z350. Ten teeth from each group were assessed for dye penetration. Two samples in each group were viewed under scanning electron microscope to observe resin-dentin interfacial adaptation. Data was statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests at a significance level of P < 0.05.

Results: MEAN MICROLEAKAGE SCORES AND STANDARD DEVIATION OBSERVED WERE: Group 1 (Xe-CHX): 2.8 ± 0.42, Group 2 (Xe-EDTA + NaOCl): 2.3 ± 0.82, Group 3 (Xe-NS): 2.9 ± 0.31, Group 4 (Ad-CHX): 1.2 ± 0.91, Group 5 (Ad-EDTA + NaOCl): 0.8 ± 0.63, Group 6 (Ad-NS): 1.9 ± 0.99.

Conclusions: Adper Easy One showed significantly less leakage than Xeno V when normal saline was used as an irrigant. EDTA treatment followed by NaOCl application significantly reduced microleakage and improved the interfacial adaptation with Adper Easy One. CHX did not significantly affect the sealing ability of both one-step self-etch adhesives tested.

Keywords: Dye penetration; pulp chamber dentin; root canal irrigants; sealing ability; self-etch adhesives.

Figure 1

(a) SEM micrograph of the dentin composite interface after 2% chlorhexidine treatment and bonded with Xeno V showing the presence of generalized interfacial gap. (b) SEM micrograph after 17% EDTA and 5% NaOCl treatment and bonded with Xeno V showing a slightly reduced interfacial gap. (c) SEM micrograph after 2% CHXtreated dentin and bonded with Adper Easy One showing a minimal interfacial gap with resin tags formation. (d) SEM micrograph after 17% EDTA and 5% NaOCl treatment and bonded with Adper Easy One showing perfect interfacial adaptation without a gap. (e) SEM micrograph of the dentin composite interface in the control group and bonded with Xeno V showing an interfacial gap with debris plugged into dentinal tubules. (f) SEM micrograph of the dentin composite interface in the control group and bonded with Adper Easy One showing less interfacial gap