Risk of developmental dysplasia of the hip in breech presentation: the effect of successful external cephalic version

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of successful external cephalic version on the incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) requiring treatment in singleton breech presentation at term.

Design: Observational cohort study.

Setting: Three large teaching hospitals in the Netherlands.

Population: Women with a singleton breech presentation of 34 weeks of gestation or more, who underwent an external cephalic version attempt.

Methods: We made a comparison of the incidence of DDH between children born in breech presentation and children born in cephalic presentation after a successful external cephalic version.

Main outcome measure: The incidence of DDH requiring either conservative treatment, with a harness, or surgical treatment.

Results: A total of 498 newborns were included in the study, of which 40 (8%) were diagnosed with DDH and 35 required treatment. Multivariate analysis showed that female gender (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.23-6.35) and successful external cephalic version (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.95) were independently associated with DDH.

Conclusions: A successful external cephalic version is associated with a lower incidence of DDH, although a high percentage of children born after a successful external cephalic version still appear to have DDH. A larger cohort study is needed to establish the definite nature of this relationship. Until then, we recommend the same screening policy for infants born in cephalic position after a successful external cephalic version as for infants born in breech position.