Leptomeningeal metastasis in melanoma: a prospective clinical study of nine patients

Abstract

Background: Melanoma has the highest rate of spread to the leptomeninges and the incidence of melanoma has been steadily rising. This article describes recent experience at the Lille University Hospital, between 2007 and 2011 and discusses the possibilities for treatment of leptomeningeal metastasis.

Patients and methods: Nine patients were diagnosed with leptomeningeal metastasis of melanoma. The standard criteria were used for the diagnosis. The treatment consisted of a combination of intrathecal chemotherapy, systemic chemotherapy and best supportive care.

Results: The overall median survival from the time of leptomeningeal metastasis diagnosis was eight weeks (range=1-168 weeks). In two cases, the median overall survival was 104 weeks. For these patients, there was a clear benefit in intrathecal chemotherapy combined with systemic treatment. No complication was observed.

Conclusion: Despite a poor prognosis, treatment of melanoma leptomeningeal metastasis is needed in order to improve the quality of life, neurological progression-free survival and overall survival of patients.