Role of big mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (BMK1) / extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) in the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis

Abstract

Big mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (BMK1), also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), is a newly identified member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family. BMK1 has been reported to be sensitive to various neuro-humoral factors and oxidative stress in various cells. In this review, we focused on the role of BMK1 in atherosclerosis in a cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cell model. Treatment with platelet-derived growth factor caused vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration in a BMK1 activation-dependent manner. H(2)O(2) caused BMK1 activation and VSMC death, including apoptosis of VSMCs. An inhibitory function for BMK1 against cell death from oxidative stress was discovered using siRNA techniques to downregulate the expression of BMK1. These findings suggest a role for BMK1 in the pathogenesis and/or progression of atherosclerosis.