Effect of electroacupuncture in postanesthetic shivering during regional anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Shivering during regional anesthesia is a common complication and is related to a decrease in the patient's core body temperature. Previous studies have shown that acupuncture on specific acupoints can preserve core body temperature. The present study evaluated the effect of electroacupuncture in preventing the shivering caused by regional anesthesia.

Methods: This prospective and randomized controlled study analyzed the data from 80 patients undergoing urological surgery, who were classified as ASA I or II. Spinal anesthesia was performed in all patients using 15 mg of bupivacaine. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either placebo acupuncture (Group P, n=40) or electroacupuncture (Group A, n=40) for 30 min before administration of spinal anesthesia. Shivering score was recorded at 5 min intervals, with 0 representing no shivering and 4 representing the most severe shivering possible. Heart rate, blood pressure, and tympanic temperature were recorded before the intrathecal injection, and again every 5 min thereafter until 30 min.

Results: After spinal anesthesia, the decrease in tympanic temperature was less for Group A patients than Group P, with the difference being statistically significant. After 15 min, 13 patients in Group P attained a shivering score of 3 or more, compared with 3 patients in Group A. Significantly more patients in Group P attained a shivering score of at least 1.

Conclusions: The prophylactic use of electroacupuncture might maintain core body temperature, and may effectively prevent the shivering that commonly develops during regional anesthesia.

Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000096853.

Figure 1

Consort flow diagram.

Figure 2

Mean blood pressure (MBP) after spinal anesthesia within 30 min during the peri-operative period. Group P = placebo group, Group A = electroacupuncture group. Data are shown as mean (standard deviation). *P < 0.05 compared with baseline within groups.

Figure 3

Heart rate after spinal anesthesia within 30 min during the peri-operative period. Group P = placebo group, Group A = electroacupuncture group. Data are shown as mean (standard deviation). *P < 0.05 compared with baseline within groups.

Figure 4

Tympanic temperature before electroacupuncture, preanesthesia and after spinal anesthesia within 60 min. Group P = placebo group, Group A = electroacupuncture group. Data are shown as mean (standard deviation). *P < 0.05 compared with baseline within groups; †P < 0.05 compared between groups; ‡P < 0.001 compared between groups.