[Persistent fatigue following Q fever]

Abstract

In the Netherlands, more than 4000 patient cases of acute Q fever have been reported since 2007. Approximately 20% of these patients subsequently developed long-term fatigue. Such fatigue, as well as other physical symptoms and patient-perceived limitations in social functioning, have been compiled into what is known as the Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS). The number of Dutch patients having QFS is expected to increase over the next years. The chance of a spontaneous recovery during the first six months following an acute Q fever infection is high. Allowing the fatigue to run its natural course is therefore justified. The diagnosis of QFS is based on history-taking, a physical examination and laboratory test results. The percentage of patients who recover spontaneously from QFS seems low. Data on outcome after treatment are not yet available. The recommendation is to refer patients with QFS to specialists who offer cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome or QFS. The objective of the recently published national guideline ‘Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS)' is to achieve uniformity in its diagnosis and treatment.