Combination of epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia attenuates stress response to renal transplantation surgery

Abstract

Choice of the anesthestic technique can reduce or even eliminate stress responses to surgery and decrease the incidence of complications. Our aim was to compare a combination of epidural anesthesia+general anesthesia with general anesthesia alone as regards perioperative insulin resistance and inflammatory activation among renal transplant recipients. Forty-six nondiabetic patients undergoing renal transplantation were prospectively randomized to the epidural anesthesia + general anesthesia group (n = 21), or general anesthesia alone group (n = 25). Plasma levels of glucose, insulin, interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, resistin, and adiponectin were measured at baseline (T1), end of surgery (T2), postoperative first hour (T3), postoperative second hour (T4) and postoperative 24th hour (T5). Homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores were calculated at every time point that the blood samples were collected. Glucose levels (P < .001) and insulin levels at the end of surgery (P = .048) and at postoperative first hour (P = .005) and HOMA-IR levels at the end of surgery (P = .012) and at postoperative first hour (P = .010) showed significantly higher values among the general anesthesia alone group when compared with the epidural+general anesthesia group. TNF-α levels at postoperative 2nd and at 24th hour (P = .005 and P = .004, respectively) and IL-6 levels at postoperative 1st and 2nd hours (P = .002 and P = .045, respectively) were significantly higher in the general anesthesia alone group when compared with the epidural+general anesthesia group. The TNF-α levels were significantly less at all time points when compared with baseline only in the epidural+general anesthesia group (T1, 33.36 vs 37.25; T2, 18.45 vs 76.52; T3, 15.18 vs 78.27; T4, 10.75 vs 66.64; T5, 2.98 vs 36.32) Hospital stays were significantly shorter among the epidural+general anesthesia group (P = .022). We showed partly attenuated surgical stress responses among patients undergoing renal transplantation using general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia compared with general anesthesia alone.