Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Comparative Study
. 2013 Feb;33(2):387-92.
doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300125. Epub 2012 Nov 29.

HIV disease activity as a modulator of lipoprotein(a) and allele-specific apolipoprotein(a) levels

Byambaa Enkhmaa  1 , Erdembileg Anuurad, Wei Zhang, Adnan Abbuthalha, Xiao-Dong Li, William Dotterweich, Richard B Pollard, David M Asmuth, Lars Berglund
Affiliations
Comparative Study

HIV disease activity as a modulator of lipoprotein(a) and allele-specific apolipoprotein(a) levels

Byambaa Enkhmaa et al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2013 Feb.

Abstract

Objective: Mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular risk of lipoprotein(a) are poorly understood. We investigated the relationship of apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) size, lipoprotein(a), and allele-specific apo(a) levels with HIV disease activity parameters in a biethnic population.

Methods and results: Lipoprotein(a) and allele-specific apo(a) levels were determined in 139 white and 168 black HIV-positive patients. Plasma HIV RNA viral load and CD4+ T-cell count were used as surrogates for disease activity. Lipoprotein(a) and allele-specific apo(a) levels were higher in blacks than whites (for both P<0.001). Apo(a) allele size distribution was similar between the 2 ethnic groups, with a median apo(a) size of 28 kringle 4 repeats. Allele-specific apo(a) levels were positively associated with CD4+ T-cell count (P=0.027) and negatively with plasma HIV RNA viral load (P<0.001). Further, allele-specific apo(a) levels associated with smaller (<28 kringle 4) atherogenic apo(a) sizes were higher in subjects with CD4+ T-cell counts of ≥350 (P=0.002).

Conclusions: Allele-specific apo(a) levels were higher in subjects with high CD4+ T-cell count or low plasma HIV RNA viral load. The findings suggest that HIV disease activity reduced allele-specific apo(a) levels. Higher allele-specific apo(a) levels associated with atherogenic small apo(a) sizes might contribute to increased cardiovascular risk in HIV-positive subjects with improved disease status.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Allele-specific apo(a) levels for smaller apo(a) sizes (<28 K4 repeats) were significantly higher in both whites and blacks. *P<0.001
Figure 2
Figure 2
Lp(a) (A) and allele-specific apo(a) (B) levels and apo(a) sizes (C) across CD4+ T-cell groups in whites and blacks. Gray boxplots represent subjects with CD4+ T-cell counts of ≥350 cells/mm3, whereas white boxplots represent subjects with CD4+ T-cell counts of <350 cell/mm3. *P<0.05
Figure 3
Figure 3
Allele-specific apo(a) levels for smaller apo(a) sizes (<28 K4 repeats) were significantly higher in subjects with CD4+ T-cell counts of ≥350 cells/mm3 vs. <350 cells/mm3, in both whites and blacks. *P<0.02
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, Bravata DM, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Soliman EZ, Sorlie PD, Sotoodehnia N, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2012 update: A report from the american heart association. Circulation. 2012;125:e2–e220. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mathers CD, Loncar D. Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS medicine. 2006;3:e442. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Islam F, Wu J, Jansson J, Wilson D. Relative risk of cardiovascular disease among people living with hiv: A systematic review and meta-analysis. HIV medicine. 2012 - PubMed
    1. Tebas P, Henry WK, Matining R, Weng-Cherng D, Schmitz J, Valdez H, Jahed N, Myers L, Powderly WG, Katzenstein D. Metabolic and immune activation effects of treatment interruption in chronic hiv-1 infection: Implications for cardiovascular risk. PLoS ONE. 2008;3:e2021. - PMC - PubMed
    1. El-Sadr WM, Lundgren JD, Neaton JD, Gordin F, Abrams D, Arduino RC, Babiker A, Burman W, Clumeck N, Cohen CJ, Cohn D, Cooper D, Darbyshire J, Emery S, Fatkenheuer G, Gazzard B, Grund B, Hoy J, Klingman K, Losso M, Markowitz N, Neuhaus J, Phillips A, Rappoport C. Cd4+ count-guided interruption of antiretroviral treatment. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2283–2296. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms