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. 2013 Apr;36(4):901-7.
doi: 10.2337/dc12-1316. Epub 2012 Dec 5.

Insulin clearance and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Hispanics and African Americans: the IRAS Family Study

C Christine Lee  1 , Steven M Haffner, Lynne E Wagenknecht, Carlos Lorenzo, Jill M Norris, Richard N Bergman, Darko Stefanovski, Andrea M Anderson, Jerome I Rotter, Mark O Goodarzi, Anthony J Hanley
Affiliations

Insulin clearance and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Hispanics and African Americans: the IRAS Family Study

C Christine Lee et al. Diabetes Care. 2013 Apr.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to identify factors that are independently associated with the metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) and to examine the association of MCRI with incident type 2 diabetes in nondiabetic Hispanics and African Americans.

Research design and methods: We investigated 1,116 participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) Family Study with baseline examinations from 2000 to 2002 and follow-up examinations from 2005 to 2006. Insulin sensitivity (S(I)), acute insulin response (AIR), and MCRI were determined at baseline from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests. MCRI was calculated as the ratio of the insulin dose over the incremental area under the curve of insulin. Incident diabetes was defined as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or antidiabetic medication use by self-report.

Results: We observed that S(I) and HDL cholesterol were independent positive correlates of MCRI, whereas fasting insulin, fasting glucose, subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, and AIR were independent negative correlates (all P < 0.05) at baseline. After 5 years of follow-up, 71 (6.4%) participants developed type 2 diabetes. Lower MCRI was associated with a higher risk of incident diabetes after adjusting for demographics, lifestyle factors, HDL cholesterol, indexes of obesity and adiposity, and insulin secretion (odds ratio 2.01 [95% CI 1.30-3.10], P = 0.0064, per one-SD decrease in loge-transformed MCRI).

Conclusions: Our data showed that lower MCRI predicts the incidence of type 2 diabetes.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Association of MCRI with incident type 2 diabetes for each one-SD decrease in log-transformed MCRI at baseline in the IRAS Family Study. Model 1, adjusted for age, sex, and ethnicity; model 2, model 1 + smoking and alcohol consumption; model 3, model 2 + HDL cholesterol; model 4, model 3 + SAT and VAT; model 5, model 4 + AIR (signed square root transformation).
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