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Review
. 2012 Dec 6:2:154.
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00154. eCollection 2012.

Current and novel approaches to vaccine development against tuberculosis

Mark J Cayabyab  1 , Lilia Macovei, Antonio Campos-Neto
Affiliations
Review

Current and novel approaches to vaccine development against tuberculosis

Mark J Cayabyab et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. .

Abstract

Antibiotics and vaccines are the two most successful medical countermeasures that humans have created against a number of pathogens. However a select few e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) have evaded eradication by vaccines and therapeutic approaches. TB is a global public health problem that kills 1.4 million people per year. The past decade has seen significant progress in developing new vaccine candidates, but the most fundamental questions in understanding disease progression and protective host responses that are responsible for controlling Mtb infection still remain poorly resolved. Current TB treatment requires intense chemotherapy with several antimicrobials, while the only approved vaccine is the classical viable whole-cell based Bacille-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) that protects children from severe forms of TB, but fails to protect adults. Taken together, there is a growing need to conduct basic and applied research to develop novel vaccine strategies against TB. This review is focused on the discussion surrounding current strategies and innovations being explored to discover new protective antigens, adjuvants, and delivery systems in the hopes of creating an efficacious TB vaccine.

Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; adjuvant; antigen; delivery system; recombinant protein; tuberculosis; vaccine.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Approaches of vaccine development to TB discussed in the present review.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Strategies of antigen discovery of TB vaccine candidates.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Delivery systems used in vaccine development for TB.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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