Distribution of Ixodes ricinus and I. persulcatus ticks in southern Karelia (Russia)

Abstract

The northern boundary of the sympatric zone of Ixodes persulcatus and I. ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) passes through Karelia. Studies carried out in the 1950s showed that these Ixodes species were mostly found in southern Karelia. I. ricinus inhabited the west of the region, I. persulcatus the east, with a zone of sympatry in the centre. Here, we describe the present distribution of these species in southern Karelia and provide a retrospective assessment of potential changes in the sympatric zone. Tick distribution and abundance were investigated during transect samplings, conducted in May-June 2006-2010. Additional information was obtained during examination of pet dogs and cats. Overall, 4561 adult ticks were collected. Since the 1950s, there has been a significant increase in the abundance of I. persulcatus, and a decrease in I. ricinus. Currently, southern Karelia can be considered as a zone of sympatry for I. ricinus and I. persulcatus, without a clear geographic boundary between the 2 species. In most areas, except to the west of Lake Ladoga, I. persulcatus is more abundant. Possible reasons for this trend are discussed.