Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2012 Mar;2(1):46-52.
doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2012.02.01.

Techniques for respiration-induced artifacts reductions in thoracic PET/CT

Tao Sun  1 , Greta S P Mok
Affiliations

Techniques for respiration-induced artifacts reductions in thoracic PET/CT

Tao Sun et al. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2012 Mar.

Abstract

The advent of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) provides fusion of both anatomical and functional information. CT-based attenuation correction replaced (68)Ge-based attenuation correction for shortening acquisition time, improving image quality and quantitative accuracy. However, due to the temporal difference of PET and CT, mis-registration and motion artifacts are observed in the attenuation-corrected images mainly due to the respiratory motion. Reducing the spatial mismatch of the PET and CT reconstructed image remains a challenge. This review provides an introduction to various respiratory image artifacts reduction techniques especially for thoracic lesions, including breathing instruction based methods, CT protocol based methods and 4-dimensional PET/CT. The advantages and drawbacks of different methods are also discussed.

Keywords: PET/CT; artifacts; attenuation correction; respiratory motion.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Reconstructed results of a simulation study conducted by the authors.
A: Helical CT (HCT); B: CACT; C: IACT; D: noise-free PET reconstructed image using HCT for attenuation correction; E: noise-free PET reconstructed image using CACT for attenuation correction; F: noise-free PET reconstructed image using IACT for attenuation correction.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Mutual information (MI) for comparison between HCT/IACT/CACT and the original phantom. Mutual information is plotted as a function of updates, and it is a measure of nonlinear image intensity and proportional to the similarity between 2 images.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Kinahan PE, Townsend DW, Beyer T, et al. Attenuation correction for a combined 3D PET/CT scanner. Med Phys. 1998;25:2046–53. - PubMed
    1. Nakamoto Y, Osman M, Cohade C, et al. PET/CT: comparison of quantitative tracer uptake between germanium and CT transmission attenuation-corrected images. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:1137–43. - PubMed
    1. McCord ME, Bacharach SL, Bonow RO, et al. Misalignment between PET transmission and emission scans: its effect on myocardial imaging. J Nucl Med. 1992;33:1209–14; discussion 1214-5. - PubMed
    1. Beyer T, Antoch G, Blodgett T, et al. Dual-modality PET/CT imaging: the effect of respiratory motion on combined image quality in clinical oncology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2003;30:588–96. - PubMed
    1. Beyer T, Bockisch A, Kühl H, et al. Whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT in the presence of truncation artifacts. J Nucl Med. 2006;47:91–9. - PubMed