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. 2013 Jun;11(2):182-8.
doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2012.10.002. Epub 2012 Dec 29.

Prognostic value of the lymphovascular invasion in high-grade stage pT1 bladder cancer

Julien Branchereau  1 , Sebastien Larue, Bertrand Vayleux, Georges Karam, Olivier Bouchot, Jérôme Rigaud
Affiliations

Prognostic value of the lymphovascular invasion in high-grade stage pT1 bladder cancer

Julien Branchereau et al. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2013 Jun.

Abstract

Purpose: High-grade (HG) stage pT1 bladder cancers have the highest recurrence and progression rates of all non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers. Some prognostic factors for recurrence and progression have been identified: multifocal HG pT1, concomitant carcinome in situ, tumor diameter >3 cm, infiltration of the deep lamina propria, and persistence of pT1 tumor on a second transurethral resection of the bladder. The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is also a prognostic factor that must be taken into account.

Materials and methods: This retrospective study was performed with 108 patients with HG stage pT1 bladder cancer: 89 patients were treated conservatively (transurethral resection of the bladder plus bacille Calmette-Guérin therapy), and 19 patients underwent early cystectomy. The mean (SD) follow-up was 47.8 ± 41.2 months. Classic prognostic factors and LVI were analyzed in terms of overall survival, specific survival, recurrence-free survival, and progression-free survival.

Results: Thirty-six percent of patients had LVI on the chips of the first transurethral resection of the bladder. Five-year overall survival and specific survival were 40% and 75%, respectively. Multivariate analysis of risk factors showed a significant reduction of overall survival in the presence of LVI (P = .007). The presence of LVI was also a factor of poor prognosis in the case of delayed cystectomy (P = .010) but not in the case of early cystectomy.

Conclusions: Identification of LVI on the first resection of a HG stage pT1 bladder cancer is a significant prognostic factor for overall survival.

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