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. 2013 Jan;7 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):37-43.
doi: 10.1111/irv.12050.

Surveillance for antiviral resistance

Maria C Zambon  1
Affiliations

Surveillance for antiviral resistance

Maria C Zambon. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2013 Jan.

Abstract

In the 10 years since licensure of neuraminidase inhibitor drugs, their use has steadily increased, especially during the pandemic of 2009. Experience now indicates that factors which influence the emergence of high level resistance include the nature of drug binding to target, viral subtype, the use of post exposure prophylaxis and a lack of immunity in the host as seen in children and immunocompromised individuals. These factors point towards targetted surveillance programmes for the early identification of transmissible drug resistance.

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Conflict of interest statement

Maria Zambon is a Committee member of the UK Scientific Advisory Group in Emergencies (SAGE) and IHR Emergency Advisor to WHO.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Global oseltamivir usage since 1999. *Defined as 12 months of data (October–September), except for 2003/04 (October–March); 2004/05 (April–March); 2005/06 (April–September); and 2010/11 (October–June). †USA and Rest of World data are combined for the 2002/03 season. 
Source: IMS prescription figures up to September 2010 and IMS sales figures for October 2010 onwards. Data for Europe in the 2009/10 season included UK government exposure data.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Antiviral susceptibility baseline, from 1996 to 1999 isolates. Plot showing distribution of IC50 values for zanamivir and oseltamivir susceptibility of human influenza isolates prior to licensure of drugs.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic of laboratory testing algorithm.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Clinical background of reported cases of oseltamivir‐resistant A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses (n = 447).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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MeSH terms